Hul'qumi'num
(aka Hul'q'umi'num'; Halkomelum)
The Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group was founded in 1993 to jointly negotiate a comprehensive treaty with British Columbia and Canada in the BC Treaty Process. The group represents over 6,200 members in six First Nations: Chemainus First Nation, Cowichan Tribes, Halalt First Nation, Lake Cowichan First Nation, Lyackson First Nation, and Penelakut Tribe. Hul'qumi'num is the shared language that connects these nations, as does their common traditional territory, culture, and history. See http://www.hulquminum.bc.ca/
Traditional territories of the Hul'qumi'num:
"The Hul'q'umi'num' language is spoken on Vancouver Island from Malahat in the south to Nanoose Bay in the north, with some dialect differences. Gerdts (l977) suggests there may be three Island dialects: Nanaimo, Chemainus, and Cowichan. In a larger context, we can say that the language is also spoken on the mainland, because the lower Fraser River dialects (e.g., Musqueam) and the upper Fraser River dialects of Halkomelem (or Halq'eméylem) are similar to Hul'q'umi'num' on Vancouver Island. While linguists view Hul'q'umi'num', Musqueam, and Halkomelem as dialects of a common language, we think it is also appropriate to speak of each of them as a separate language, which is closely related to the other two. Hul'q'umi'num' is widely recognized as a language of culture and ceremony and widely used beyond its traditional territory." http://web.uvic.ca/hrd/salish/
Coast Salish Birds (with sounds)
Halkomelem Ethnobiology Web Site: http://www.sfu.ca/halk-ethnobiology/html/main.htm
Halkomelum Language Dictionary: http://www.snuneymuxw.ca/hulqdictionary.htm
See also First Nations on Gulf Islands.
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